U03d1 Medicare Level of Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

U03d1 Medicare Level of Care - Essay Example There is also a Part D which covers for prescription drugs. The Part D that has been provided with the insurance is for the prescription drugs and this was mainly intended to improve the access of individuals to choose from different health plans based on their individual needs and requirements (Jacobson & Anderson, 2010). The main intension and idea of the Part D was to provide assistance to the senior citizens who were unable to afford a separate drug cover for the prescription drugs. In an article by Shaviro he explains, â€Å"The design of the new prescription drug benefit almost ensures that it will soon be expanded. True insurance provides people with coverage against worst-case scenarios, such as having to pay a lot for healthcare when they become gravely ill. It does not offer first-dollar coverage of routine expenses; this would merely encourage waste and be a handout to anyone who received the coverage without having to pay for it. But true insurance is not politically popular, because if you lose your insurance "bet" by not actually having a catastrophe that would trigger its coverage, you may complain, after the fact, that you didnt get anything out of it† (Shaviro, 2004). There have been numerous views and ideas that have been provided over the years for the viability of Part D of the Medicare. Several authors like Neuman and Cubanski, 2009, explain that one of best ways to reduce the costs is only of the government works towards negotiation with the pharmaceuticals rather than the private companies working towards the negotiations. The authors also talk about another program which will be introduced in 2010, and is known as the voucher demonstration project. To conclude the paper it is safe to say that the future of the Part D is mainly dependent on the costs and the cost cutting would lead to bettered performance of this part

Regent Hotel: Case Study on Pricing and Weaknesses

Regent Hotel: Case Study on Pricing and Weaknesses The Regent Hotel Case Study 1. Pricing Strategy Review – Key Issues There are several key issues which must be considered when determining the pricing strategy for a hotel. The main variables that affect hotel room pricing in general will include transient demand at the location, for example during festivals, conferences or major tourist occasions, and also whether it is currently high, low, or ‘shoulder’ season. Weekly arrival or departure patterns can also affect occupancy: there may, for example be many spare rooms on a Thursday night, or even worse, excessive demand on one night of the week, due to overlap from arriving and departing guests, which means that rooms may end up being empty on the surrounding days. For example, if guests staying from Monday to Friday choose to also stay Friday night, it may make the rooms unsuitable for people who want to stay over the weekend, thus leaving a shortage of rooms on Saturdays. Equally, the ratio of guest rooms to meeting, or conference, rooms can dictate pricing strategy, as if the hotel has plenty of guest rooms, but little conference space, it may have to offer excessive discounts to attract conference guests, but in the opposing scenario, it may be able to charge a premium. In a similar vein, a hotel with a successful history of holding meetings or conferences, and thus a good reputation in corporate circles can also command a premium for business functions. The potential for incremental revenue from the restaurant and bar areas should also impact on pricing, both for the rooms and the facilities themselves. Should a hotel have a high proportion of guests using its additional facilities, then it can use these revenues to subsidise the cost of the rooms, thus enabling it to lower prices and thus attract more guests, who will ideally also use the facilities. However, should the facilities be of poor quality, or too expensive, then the price of the rooms m ay have to be raised to compensate for the shortfall. A final factor to consider is the potential for risk to the hotel, such as the likelihood of cancellations or damages, which can be mitigated to some extent by including cancellation and attrition clauses in the terms and conditions, provided these are made clear to guests at the time of booking. Pricing strategies at major brand hotels also tend to fluctuate more with the market, because of their size and power. Serlen (2004) reported that many of the major brands lowered rates dramatically during the recent period of difficulty for the industry, but these rates were unprofitable, and thus the hotels couldn’t maintain those rates and be profitable. As such, most hotels chose to keep rates more stable, sacrificing some revenue during that period, but meaning that they wont be the same pressure of profitability once demand has returned. However, a Datamonitor Company Profile (2005) of the market in which the Hyatt and other premium hotels, such as the Regent, operate; has shown that pricing power within the market is currently heavily influenced by the hotels’ capacities, and also the pricing decisions of competitors. The downturn in the travel industry has led to a competitive environment where supply currently outstrips demand. Therefore the market as whole, ra nging from low costs leisure up to the premium end in which the Regent operates, is currently dictated by the pricing strategies of competitors. Competitors’ actions generally within the current climate could cause supply growth to outstrip demand growth, which could be disastrous for the Regent, and thus attention should be paid to these considerations. Specifically for the Regent, the refurbishing of the conference rooms has enabled it to offer high quality corporate facilities, which should enable it to charge a premium for conferences, over and above what other hotels in the region can charge. However, the opening of the Edinburgh International Conference Centre could lead to problems for the hotel, as it appears of offer far superior facilities to that which the Regent, or indeed any hotel, could possibly offer. Therefore whilst the Regent can still hope to gain significant conference revenue, especially during high season when the EICC will be in great demand, it may not be able to rely on conference revenue as a key stream. However, given that delegates who use the EICC still need to be accommodated, the Regent could potentially attempt to negotiate with the Edinburgh Convention Bureau to become the hotel of choice for conferences using the Centre, and this would enable it to charge the desired premium. With regards to the additional facilities, such as the bar and restaurant, given that there is currently not a high proportion of guests using these facilities, it is difficult to justify using them in the pricing strategies of the rooms, as reducing the price of rooms to attract more guests will not necessarily greatly affect the revenue generated by the facilities. However, it is important to review the pricing strategy of the bar and restaurant, to ensure that these are not priced so high as to drive away guests, and possibly including some meals in the price of the room could be a good way to increase demand for the rooms and the additional facilities, whilst potentially also slightly increasing the price. Finally, it is important to determine whether the customer dissatisfaction is being caused by pricing at all, and also whether other hotels in the city are pursuing aggressive pricing strategies which are taking demand away from the Regent. If this is the case, then it may be necessary to accept some short term losses in order to fight back and prevent the Regent Hotel losing so much business that it has a stigma attached to it, and is unable to attract any guests back, however this is likely to be a drawn out and costly process. 2. Front Office Operation – Key Issues There are several other key issues concerning the hotel that it is vital to assess if the brand is going to be developed and revitalised in the eyes of the public. Using the SWOT analysis (Appendix One) Firstly, it is important to determine which of the first three identified weaknesses are causing the decline in customer satisfaction, and ensure that remedying this is given highest priority in the coming refurbishment. However, regardless of which of the identified weaknesses are most responsible for the sharp decline in customer satisfaction, it is vital that all weaknesses are addressed as part of the refurbishment and handover process in general. Firstly, the outdated financial and reporting systems need to be replaced with an integrated solution, which connects all the different departments, and facilitates the transfer of information between the various heads of the departments. This system should enable food and beverage staff to input orders directly into the cash registers in the bars and restaurants, and these orders should then be transferred directly onto the relevant customer’s bill, perhaps using the customer’s signature, or their room key, as proof of their identity and room number. A similar system should also be put in place for the mini bars, enabling housekeeping to update the charges on the mini bar bills as they replenish the bars every day. An improvement to the reporting system would also enable staff to check the usual and predicted levels of occupancy when taking group bookings, thus enabling them to charge the relevant amounts for each period. This would help avoid the potential for offering groups too great a discount during busy periods, and would also help let staff know to when offer larger discounts, such as during quiet periods. Equally, sales and financial data and targets for Front Office, Sales and Food and Beverage could be shared across the three departments, so that each department knows what other departments are doing, and also what all three departments are aiming for. This would enable each department to maximise its own contribution to the hotel’s revenue, without adversely affecting the performance of the other relevant departments, for example Sales would know not to offer a cheaper meal option to large groups if the Restaurant is likely to be very busy for that period. The question of modernising and replacing the linen appears to be the main reason for the refurbishment, and Andrew Brennan should have this well in hand. However, no mention has been made of plans to refit or expand the laundry facilities, which is a key consideration, as not only does it appear to be affecting guest satisfaction, but it is also resulting in insurance claims, which drive up costs, and thus put a drain on the hotel’s profits. The whole laundry operation should be reviewed, and its capacity should be increased so that, not only can it handle the demands placed on it by the normal running of the hotel, but also to ensure that it has sufficient spare capacity to complete all laundry requests to a high standard and on time. The threats arising from the slow tourist industry, and the loss of bookings from Milton Hotels could be problematic, however provided the customer satisfaction issues can be resolved, word of mouth, together with a successful refurbishment and re-launch of the hotel should be sufficient to attract customers back, and the number of bookings appear to be picking up, as can be seen from the trendline on the room occupancy graph in Appendix Two. However, the final main issue to be addressed is that of revenue maximisation. As can be seen from the financial analysis (Appendix Two), only in the highest season does the hotel come close to completely using all its rooms, and occupancy often drops below the 60% mark. Equally, even in the busy months of June, July and August, total revenue realised is less that half that if all the rooms were charged at their full rate. As such, it is vital to reassess the marketing and advertising used to attract people during high season, as not only should rooms be as fully occupied as possible, but they should also attract as high a price per room as possible, and currently this is not the case. References Serlen, B. (2004) Hotel Programs Grow. Business Travel News; Vol. 21, Issue 15, p. 1. Datamonitor Company Profiles (2005) Global Hyatt Corporation SWOT Analysis. Appendix One: SWOT Analysis Strengths Beautiful Victorian architecture Excellent location with fine views. Modern food and beverage areas Prestigious banqueting and conference areas. Weaknesses Outdated financial and reporting systems. High need for modernisation of rooms and replacement of linen. Inadequate laundry facilities. Lack of revenue maximisation across all departments. Opportunities Potential to house EICC guests. Growing importance of Edinburgh. Chance to completely refurbish and re-launch hotel. Threats Declining customer satisfaction. Slow tourist industry. Loss of bookings from Milton Hotels. Lack of customers using dining facilities. Appendix Two: Financial Analysis

Title Of The Great Gatsby :: essays research papers

Gatsby's Greatness   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is much controversy on why F. Scott Fitzgerald chose his masterpiece to be title The Great Gatsby. Fitzgerald chose The Great Gatsby as the title to show the duality of how the central character of Jay Gatsby is great in trying determinedly to achieve his goal of Daisy, but how his 'greatness'; brings about his own downfall.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gatsby is, at first glance, truly great, for he pursues his dream of Daisy relentlessly. Jordan Baker, in a conversation with Nick Carraway, lets him know that Gatsby wanted to let Daisy know how rich and powerful was; how 'he [wanted] her to see his house,'; which is extravagant. Gatsby wants to impress Daisy with his newfound wealth in order to bring her back to him. Gatsby is also highly optimistic about achieving his goal, and thinks that he 'is going to fix everything just the way it was before.'; Gatsby does not want to lose sight of his dream through petty pessimism. Gatsby also has unending loyalty to his goal of pursuing Daisy. When Daisy strikes and hits Myrtle with Gatsby's car, Gatsby takes the blame for it. He believes that lying for her will help him in his quest to get Daisy to love him. Gatsby is great in his unyielding pursuit for Daisy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ultimately, however, Gatsby can only be considered great in a sarcastic tone, for the way in which he pursues his noble goal brings results in some one getting hurt. His great optimism that everything will be just the way it was delays and intensifies the effects of the inevitable fact that his encounter with Daisy was nothing but a 'presumptuous little flirtation'; to Tom, which Daisy tacitly agrees with. Gatsby also has acquired his great wealth from bootlegging the sale of illegal liquor. Liquor ends up most of the time in helping people such as the ones at the one of the many huge parties get hurt, such as the time in which Tom breaks Myrtle's nose. By helping the distribution of liquor, Gatsby is hurting people, though he cannot see it. Title Of The Great Gatsby :: essays research papers Gatsby's Greatness   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is much controversy on why F. Scott Fitzgerald chose his masterpiece to be title The Great Gatsby. Fitzgerald chose The Great Gatsby as the title to show the duality of how the central character of Jay Gatsby is great in trying determinedly to achieve his goal of Daisy, but how his 'greatness'; brings about his own downfall.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gatsby is, at first glance, truly great, for he pursues his dream of Daisy relentlessly. Jordan Baker, in a conversation with Nick Carraway, lets him know that Gatsby wanted to let Daisy know how rich and powerful was; how 'he [wanted] her to see his house,'; which is extravagant. Gatsby wants to impress Daisy with his newfound wealth in order to bring her back to him. Gatsby is also highly optimistic about achieving his goal, and thinks that he 'is going to fix everything just the way it was before.'; Gatsby does not want to lose sight of his dream through petty pessimism. Gatsby also has unending loyalty to his goal of pursuing Daisy. When Daisy strikes and hits Myrtle with Gatsby's car, Gatsby takes the blame for it. He believes that lying for her will help him in his quest to get Daisy to love him. Gatsby is great in his unyielding pursuit for Daisy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ultimately, however, Gatsby can only be considered great in a sarcastic tone, for the way in which he pursues his noble goal brings results in some one getting hurt. His great optimism that everything will be just the way it was delays and intensifies the effects of the inevitable fact that his encounter with Daisy was nothing but a 'presumptuous little flirtation'; to Tom, which Daisy tacitly agrees with. Gatsby also has acquired his great wealth from bootlegging the sale of illegal liquor. Liquor ends up most of the time in helping people such as the ones at the one of the many huge parties get hurt, such as the time in which Tom breaks Myrtle's nose. By helping the distribution of liquor, Gatsby is hurting people, though he cannot see it.

Application of Modern Technologies in Combating Security Threats in Nigeria

APPLICATION OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN COMBATING SECURITY THREATS IN NIGERIA Abstraction The addition of offenses in Nigeria is upseting. The rate of incidents of abduction, plundering and vandalization of public public-service corporation installations are going dismaying. In this paper, an effort is made to propose ways of supervising some of the public-service corporation installations. Wireless monitoring in Wide Area Network ( WAN ) is recommended every bit good as turn uping the detector nodes inside manned Stationss in other to do it hard for illegal meddling of the detector elements. Most of the relays and other equipment recommended are already in being. So the cost of execution of the monitoring systems will be low. Cardinal words: monitoring, vandalization, dismaies, public-service corporation installations, modern engineering.IntroductionThe state is soon faced with batch of security challenges. There are instances of terrorist act, abduction, plundering and vandalization of public utilities. There are incidents of oil pipe line and electric power installation vandalization. These amazing Acts of the Apostless have negative effects in our economic system and societal lives. Technology has simplified most of the undertakings but whether we are good equipped to follow these modern constructs in work outing these jobs is another inquiry. Nigeria successfully lunched her ain orbiter in the infinite, far off in China. We congratulated ourselves. At the least, it is a spring in the forward way ; but one uncertainties if we have started harvesting maximal benefits from it Satellite can be used to work out our internal jobs, including security, because, non merely that it can be used to split offenses, but it can besides be used to place felons. Satellite can be used to supervise our oil pipe lines and electric power installations that are frequently prone to vandalization. If we were luckier and hold proficient installations and good trained forces, possibly the abduction of Chibok misss and other similar offenses would hold been nipped on the cod. Thank God, the federal authorities and others are turn toing the issues with the energy and earnestness it deserves. Particular work force preparation in some of these modern engineerings is of extreme importance so that Nigeria can utilize her installations to work out her pressing domestic jobs. There are other methods, apart from satellite surveillance, that can be used to supervise our installations that are more frequently prone to vandalization. These methods are discussed in the undermentioned subdivisions. 2.0 ELECTRIC POWER FACILITIES 2.1 Power transformer monitoring More frequently, due to ignorance, power and distribution transformers are vandalized, while in hunt of the alleged ‘quicksilverand/ ordiamond’ which produces visible radiation ( harmonizing to them ) . There is no such stuff in the transformer that justifies such harm. The purpose of the vandals is ever to run out the transformer oil in other to catch the cherished stuffs and in the procedure harm the transformer. The transformer oil can be monitored in many ways, such as ( I ) usage of unstable degree sensor ( two ) usage of gas relay. 2.1.1 Fluid degree monitoring. There are two ways the fluid degree can be monitored. ( I ) float mechanism method and ( two ) the immersed electrode method. The immersed electrode method can non be discussed here because transformer oil is non a good music director of electricity. 2.1.2 Float mechanism method In this method, the float ball is meant to drive the rheostat wiper ; such that the out put electromotive force is relative to the fluid degree. See fig.1. When the fluid degree beads to indicate E1, the wiper place is at point Tocopherol on the variable resistor so that the end product electromotive force gets to the threshold ( fig 1a ) . The out put electromotive force is converted to frequence which is modulated, amplified and transmitted to the security locations. At the security location, the signal is received, demodulated and rectified to direct current that is used to pick the relay, R in fig1b. Contacts, K1 and K11are used to exchange on the hearable and ocular dismaies, severally. See fig2. Fig2 can be used for every bit many transformers as possible at the inputs K1 to Kn ( hearable dismay ) and K11to Kn1( ocular dismay ) . 2.1.3 Gas force per unit area Relay ( Buchholze Relay ) The basic relay, shown in fig3, is designed to observe certain sum of gas in the transformer. The relay is ever located between the transformer chief armored combat vehicle and the curator armored combat vehicle. When oil is being drained from the transformer, air replaces the displaced oil. At certain degree, the air builds up force per unit area that is capable of runing the quicksilver switch which is pivoted as shown in fig3. The electromotive force from the contact is converted to frequence and transmitted to the security stations for dismay coevals. The basic gas relay uses the quicksilver switches operated by air/gas force per unit area. One signifier of gas relay is shown in fig3 and the conventional diagrams are shown in Figs 4 and 2. When the gas relay operates, the contacts near and remain like that until the air content in the enclosure is removed. In Fig 3, the quicksilver switch is pivoted atVolt. When there is force per unit area from the gas, the switch jousts as shown, to enable the liquid quicksilver to bridge the two contacts and allows the District of Columbia. electromotive force to go through on to the logic circuit. Stage-1 operates when there is minor oil escape ( pressure=P1 ) at this phase, no external dismay is generated. When there is high discharge of oil, gas force per unit area, P=P1.P2. At this phase, both quicksilver switches operate to bring forth dismay ( figs 4 and 2 ) . 2.2 ELECTRIC POWER LINE Monitoring In electric power line monitoring, usage is made of the electric resistance of the line, Z’ , which is normally quoted as R+JX per kilometre length of the music director. The line can be divided into four subdivisions ( S1, S2. S3 and S4 ) .If the length of the line is L, the relay scenes can be achieved as follows: Primary electric resistance of the line, . Omega+is the positive sequence electric resistance of the line While Z0is the nothing sequence constituent of the line Secondary electric resistance, Zs, of the line=Zp*CTR/VTR ( 2 ) Where CTR=Current transformer ratio and VTR=Voltage transformer ratio. Now assign the range of the relay as follows: S1=25 % of the line S2=50 % of the line S3=70 % of the line And S4= 100 % of the line For line subdivision, S1, the range, Section S2, the range, Section S3, the range, and S4=Zs*1.0 The clip puting for the ranges is such that S1t & lt ; S2t & lt ; S3t & lt ; S4t. where Sxt is the clip puting for subdivision Sx. The significance of these scenes is that the relay operates any clip it sees impedance less than the preset value after a preset clip. The indicants displayed by the relay will demo the subdivision of the line that is being vandalized. See fig 2. 3.0 PIPE LINE Monitoring In pipe line, one or more of the undermentioned parametric quantities can be monitored ;Discharge, Q=Va ( 7 )Pressure, P=F/a ( 8 )And speed, V=dx/dt ( 9 )Where, a= transverse sectional country of the pipe and F= the force driving the fluid * Where D is the diameter of the pipe Solving for D in Equ.10, * The wall thickness, T, of the Pipeline must be such to defy the internal fluid force per unit area,P,in the thin or thick cylindrical grapevine. Basically, the thin cylindrical equation will be applied when:Stress across the grapevine subdivision is unvaryingThe internal diameter of the grapevine subdivisionCalciferolis& gt ;20t Internet ExplorerThe allowable emphasisis more than six times the force per unit area inside the pipePhosphorusInternet Explorer.The look for the, wall thickness,T,of the grapevine is given as, Where,is the efficiency of longitudinal articulation and C is the Weishack invariable 3.1 Mathematical modeling See a cylindrical shell of a force per unit area vas transporting oil fluid which is subjected to a high internal fluid force per unit area,p. The wall of the cylinder must be thick plenty to defy the force per unit area. Assuming that the tensile emphasiss are uniformly distributed over the subdivision of the walls, and if ; R0= outer radius of the cylindrical shell, RI= interior radius of the cylindrical shell T = thickness of the cylindrical shell = R0-RI P = strength of internal force per unit area = poisson’s ratio = digressive emphasis and = radial emphasis. Using lame’s jurisprudence ; Now, radial emphasis at any radiustenis given by Now if internal force per unit area, PI=P and external force per unit area, P0=0, From Equation 12, the digressive emphasis at any radius,ten,is given by. =[ 1+] ( 15 ) =[ 1+]( 16 ) From Eqns. ( 15 ) and ( 16 ) , the digressive emphasis is a tensile whereas the radial emphasis is a compressive. Again, the digressive emphasis is Maximum at the interior surface of the grapevine Internet Explorer.x= RIand it is minimal at the outer surface of the shell Internet Explorer.ten = R0 By taking the value ofx=RIandten = R0in Equ. ( 15 ) and ( 16 ) , the Maximum digressive emphasis at the interior surface of the grapevine is given by, =( 17 ) While the minimal digressive emphasis at the outer surface of the shell is given by, =( 18 ) = -p ( Compressive ) and at=0 4.0 METHODOLOGY Each of the distant Stationss have direct communicating nexus with themselves and the chief station as shown in fig6 so that any dismay can be received by all the Stationss, including the chief station. 4.1 SENSOR NODES The detector nodes are arranged as shown in fig7. The detector nodes are located at the in put terminuss of the distant Stationss for security ground. A puncture at pointFin fig 7 will be detected by the detector node at RS2. Since the force per unit area at RS1 is normal, no dismay will be generated at that station. The dismay from RS2 therefore indicates that the puncture is between RS1 and RS2. 4.2 CONTROL SIGNALS The electromotive force end product of the detector is converted to frequence, processed and transmitted through broad country web ( WAN ) ( see Fig 6 ) . At the having terminals, the signal is converted back to electromotive force and used to bring forth dismaies as shown in fig 2. Fig 8 shows the rule of force per unit area measuring while fig 9 is that for the flow rate. 5.0 Decision The radio monitoring system for the public-service corporations is presented. Some of the detection relays are already available but their control circuits need to be modified in other to accommodate the intent. The interesting thing about the theoretical accounts is that all the detectors are located indoors manned Stationss. So the fright of illegal fiddling with the detectors elements is eliminated. The dismaies are arranged in such a manner that the vandals are caught incognizant. Nigeria needs more trained work force in utilizing the orbiter to observe offenses. MentionsKaufmann W Fluid mechanics Tata-McGraw Hill saloon. Coy New Delhi1972Dugdale RH, Bannister WS Fluid mechanics. Macdonald and Evans LTD Plymouth, 1977.Sawhney AK. Acourse in electrical/electronic measurings & A ; instrumentation.Dhanpat Rai & A ; coy Delhi 2006Moodie, D Costello L, McStay D, Optoelectronic leak sensing system for supervising subsea constructions, in: Proceedings of the SPIE, Vol. 7726, Brussels, Belgium, April 2010Hennigar GW, Leak sensing: new engineering that works, Gas Industries 37 ( January ) 1993. Nwilo Personal computer, Badejo OT Impacts of oil spillage along Nigerian seashore The Association for Environmental, 2001.Ezechukwu OA, Nnebe SI, Idigo VE, Azubogu AO..Real-time Experimental Model for Outdoor Wireless Sensor Network. NIEEE proc. Oct. 2013Greg Stanley, â€Å"Pipeline Diagnosis Emphasizing Leak Detection – An Approach and Demonstration† , – A White Paper,April 22, 2012.Ezechukwu OA. A theoretical account of distance protecti on. IJERD Vol 3 Issue10 Sep. 2012Joaquim A.R. Azevedo, Filipe Edgar Santos, â€Å"Signal Propagation Measurements with radio detector Nodes 2007.

Kairos

The Notion of Kairos While we in the present day are content with using the word â€Å"time†, the Early Greeks made the distinction between two very different notions of this concept. The first one, Chronos, refers to a linear and quantifiable time, whereas the second, Kairos, denotes the idea of â€Å"the right time† to take an action, or to give a speech on a particular topic for example. Comparing Kairos and Chronos raises the question of the role of Kairos in human agency. In many cases, the moment of the action appears to be more important than the action itself.In fact, Kairos is an opportunity for men to have agency in a world usually dictated by fate. In this way, Kairos restores freedom to human lives that would otherwise be predetermined. Finally, it is interesting to notice that there does not exist a modern English translation for Kairos, which seems to suggest that it is a concept that does not have a place in modern society and thus in our modern understan ding of time. Chronos and Kairos oppose each other in many ways.. Whereas Chronos refers to sequential time, measurable and regular, Kairos denotes qualitative time, or a favorable moment.Moreover, unlike Chronos, Kairos is unpredictable and can only be ‘revealed’ thanks to the correct interpretation of external signs, hence the impression that it is situated outside of Chronos. The â€Å"opportune moments† Kairos provides are neither measurable nor predictable, and cannot be located on a clock or on any similar device. Thus, to a certain extent, Kairos seems to be a â€Å"timeless† time. The Hippocratic Corpus, a group of texts said to be written by Hippocrates, exemplifies the importance of Kairos to the ancient Greeks in everyday life.The author writes that the success of the medicine a doctor administers to a patient depends greatly on the time or moment that the medicine is given. While the success of the remedy used is also dependent on different cha racteristics of the patient’s body, it is the moment that the remedy is used that is the most important. Indeed, Kairos cannot be placed in a larger temporal framework because it does not relate to the notions of past and future. For this reason, Kairos can only exist in the present. This is why a physician does not try to redict how a disease will evolve, but instead attempts to predict in which Kairos, or â€Å"critical phase† he is in at the moment of his medical examination. For example, in the case of â€Å"an overpowering heaviness of the head†, â€Å"water, or at most [†¦] a pale-yellow wine† should be administered. While this quote may seem to describe the way doctors apply medicine today, it is in fact a description of a very different system. Rather than seeking a connection between the symptom and the medicine, ancient doctors felt there was a connection between the symptom and the moment of Kairos it exists in.Different symptoms indicated different moments of Kairos which then dictated how the patient ought to be treated. Furthermore, these moments of interpretation are deeply anchored in the present, as it is the only â€Å"time† (as opposed to past and future) in which action can be taken. This is to say that Kairos is the moment in which a man can escape his fate, which otherwise rules his life. Fate is always associated with Chronos time, which can be predicted and unavoidably evolves from past to future according to a predetermined development.In contrast, Kairos time allows for spontaneous action based on temporal opportunities. Since in Chronos time, the present is already determined by the past, there is never a true moment of freedom. Sophocles’ play Oedipus at Colonus presents an illustration of this predestination: â€Å"Thy tale of cruel suffering For which no cure was found, The fate that held thee bound. † Here the Chorus addresses Oedipus, clearly expressing the idea that his life , just as that of anybody else, is constrained by fate, which he cannot escape.Chronos is the father of all the Olympian Gods, represented as a wise old man, and known as â€Å"Father Time. † In contrast to this image of Chronos, Kairos is represented dancing, holding the scales of fate in his left hand; with his right hand, he is tipping the scale in one direction or the other. This clearly shows his ability to liberate moments from fate and his detachment from Chronos. Because of this, the moment of the action is often emphasized more than the action itself.This is evident in the Hippocratic Medical Corpus: â€Å"This is the time for administrating gruel that must be most carefully observed† – â€Å"Consider this time of great importance in all diseases† From this quote, it is clear that the most important factor in the administration of medicine is not the disease the patient has, but the moment the remedy will be given. This moment must occur at the r ight time, during the right phase of the illness, in order for the remedy to be successful. The same can be said about Pindar’s Pythian 4, an ode to the victor of the Pythian games.In Pythian 4, Pindar spends more time describing the process that led the heroes to go on an expedition in search for the golden fleece at the moment they did than he does describing their exploits, which are only summarized. This example is particularly interesting in that through those feats, Jason, the hero of the myth, and his companions will achieve kleos, and will thus transcend Chronos time. However, it is the fact that the expedition left at the right moment that seems important to Pindar, or at least more important than the exploits.In an example such as this one, Kairos does seem to be treated as the agent of the action, or at any rate, as responsible for its success. This gives Kairos an extremely important role, in rehabilitating man’s freedom. Indeed, without the existence of Ka iros, human beings would be trapped in their fate without any power over their destiny. Kairos is an opportunity and a â€Å"critical moment†, but it is also the â€Å"due measure† that allow humans to influence on the course of their own existences. However, Kairos only allows men to take action; it does not take action for them.This is evident in the medical corpus: â€Å"[Physicians] generally make the change from fasting to gruel exactly at those times at which often it is profitable to exchange gruel for what is virtually fasting. † One can imagine that relying on such a method could have led to serious mistakes. The nature of Kairos is such that these mistake could easily have disastrous consequences, for which the physician, and not Kairos, would be responsible. Indeed, Kairos alone is not sufficient for a patient to heal, or for an action to be carried out with success.In order for an action to succeed the individual must act in the right moment but must also act correctly. In the medical corpus example, giving gruel could probably have been beneficial, but was not because it was given to the patient at the wrong phase of time. This also is why the medical corpus says medications listed can only be efficient in â€Å"the proper time of their use†. In this way, Kairos is a necessary condition, but is in no way sufficient on its own. The positive outcome of an action therefore does not only depend on Kairos, but on the correct interpretation of Kairos.Thus, a good physician is not one who knows all the different names of every disease, a good physician is one who above all else can read a patient’s body in order to recognize the phase of time the disease is in, and thus determine what should be done. This is why, according to a passage of the Hippocratic Corpus, every physician should learn â€Å"the changes of the seasons and the risings and settings of the phenomena† in order to â€Å"learn the times beforehan d†, which will allow him to â€Å"succeed best in securing health, and will achieve the greatest triumphs in the practice of his art†Our modern concept of time leaves no place for Kairos. The word cannot be translated into modern English, and even the concept requires a fair amount of explanation, since it falls so outside of the realm of our understanding of both time and fate. The closest word to Kairos in the English language would most likely be the word, â€Å"opportunity† While â€Å"opportunity† conveys the way moments in Kairos function with humans agency, it does not fully convey the temporal dimension of Kairos. In modern day society, opportunities are not necessarily always dependent on small windows of time and are often not spontaneous.In this sense, it appears that we can only talk of an opportunity, but not of the moment in which that opportunity takes place. This is to say that the same way Kairos seems detached from Chronos, our opportunit y is detached from time altogether. However, even today, moments of Kairos, though not intentionally, are often taken into consideration when a decision is being made about an action. For example, politicians often â€Å"read the signs† of the political environment or social atmosphere before making a speech on a particular topic.Similarly, humans use Kairos in everyday interactions as we constantly anticipate each other’s responses based on the moments we think each other are experiencing. Though Kairos seems unfamiliar and strange in modern society, it is not a concept we are altogether unfamiliar with. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Hippocratic Corpus, Regimen in Acute Diseases p. 79 [ 2 ]. Sophocles, Oedipus At Colonus [ 3 ]. Hippocratic Corpus, Regimen in Acute Diseases p. 79 [ 4 ]. Hippocratic Diseases, Regimen at Acute diseases p. 97 [ 5 ]. Hippocratic Corpus, Regime n In Acute Diseases p. 119

The treasure in the forest Essay Example

The treasure in the forest Essay Example The treasure in the forest Paper The treasure in the forest Paper Essay Topic: Treasure Island The story takes place during Victorian times at the peak of the BRITISH EMPIRE. The idea of the White British men seeking out new land to colonise, obtain resources and potentially slaves. However this wasnt the goal of this band of explorers, it was to seek out lost Spanish treasure for self gain. The two men were named Evans and Hooker. The location wasnt known as it was virgin land but it was somewhere off China in Pacific Asia. It was isolated and uninhabited, the land was comprised by small and medium sized islands. They span over great distances with minor and vast sized gaps of separation. The explorers entered the barrier of coral surrounding the island through a gap that was a small river. They trailed the river inside to the white sanded beaches they saw a thick forest. This may have been similar sight to the type of palm tree seen by the Victorian explorers in India or somewhere in Africa. The foliage of the trees was similar to a fluffy bright cloud. It created an almost awe inspiring scene, there was a clear view through the virgin forest. The rose like mountains, the beautiful sights, the appearance of the sea was calm and still yet blazing with light. The sun was shining with overt generosity like a zenith furnace, the land of the rising sun. It was silent, the only noise was from the deep blue sea crashing against the coral and the rocks. The air was filled with warm moisture and the cool Pacific sea breeze simultaneously. They were floating into a lagoon while observing the map and discussing it. They were exhausted and didnt feel the exaltation that they were expecting as a reward for the last leg of their endeavour. Hooker was rowing while Evans closed his eyes slightly and fell into a daze. He could see a dark part of the forest and where it was empty he hallucinated. It was nighttime and he saw three figures, a fire burning on one side and moonlight on the other side. The middle figure a cross with red, silver and black in colour. He heard them speaking in pigeon English, this was very strange to him. He saw the Spanish galleon that had run aground and the diseased and weary men take their boats and leave. He then saw Chang-hi come across the Spanish ingots and go away to bury them. This was the secret information Evans needed, the exact location of the treasure. He sees heaps of gold and tries to reach for it but Chang-hi was stopping him and then he threatens Evans. Evans dream becomes irrational as Chang-hi`s pigtail appears in his hand and is getting larger along with the rest of his body. The heaps of gold ablaze in front of his eyes, the very thing he was searching for. Then a giant devil like creature filled his mouth with coals, he was severely burned. He heard another devil shout Evans, Evans you sleepy fool! It was Hooker shouting, they were at the mouth of the lagoon. They got off and onto the bay of the lagoon. Hooker turned the canoe upside down and used it like a knife to cut their way trough the green tangled vines and brushes that surrounded them. The environment they had entered was alien to them in almost every way. The strange trees, tall grass, flowers and plants were all unnamed to them. They saw a figure among the trees, it was in an unnatural position. They both drew nearer, it was a blue coloured chinaman. This was a shock to both as they had a foreboding feeling that this was Chang-chi. They saw a hole was already dug up and thought to themselves about what was here and the fact that some one else had been here already. They went inwards and they discovered the gold ingots, Evans picked them up with his bare hands and got a thorn stuck in his thumb. He didnt realise the danger at the time and continued. They were arguing about what should be done with Chang-chis body, Hooker wanted to bury the body but Evans wanted to just let it stay there. They eventual decided to leave the body and take a few gold ingots as they couldnt take any more weight. They carried the ingots in a stretcher type contraption using Evans jacket. Suddenly Evans let his half of the jacket drop and grabbed his throat, he went against a tree and said, itll be alright in a minute. He cried out in pain and fell to the floor crouching on his side, he was moving rashly and spasmodically. Hooker knew the plant, he had seen a tribe of jungle people use it as poison in their blow darts. Evans told Hooker to take the ingots and get out of there, Hooker packed up the ingots into Evans jacket. While he was doing this he felt a little prick on the ball of his thumb, he pulled the thorn out and endeavoured in vain to suck the poison out, there was nothing he could do for Evans or himself. Hooker never really thought about Chang-chi but he thought what the map had said, my secret is well guarded. Hooker knew finally what he had meant by this and just imagined his grin while looking at his companion. Evans who was twitching like a fish on dry land with its last breath at any moment and Hooker crouched while sitting could do nothing more than become statues of failure in their dire hour.

Free Essays on Parents In Society

As parents in society there is the challenge of communicating and disciplining children in an effective manner. Views on effective communication and discipline have changed since the views about children and children’s rights have changed. In the past children were thought of as property or things that needed to be controlled; hence, most of society followed the â€Å"spare the rod, spoil the child,† statement. As our society has moved away from the belief that sparing the rod is spoiling the children, the search for an effective way to raise today’s generation. Discipline In American Society, adults are use to being in control over children due to this the definition of discipline has been taken on a separate definition than what discipline actually means. Most people think concept of discipline means control (pg32 porter). Discipline actually means teaching decisions making skills. By apply appropriate discipline/guidance you allow the child to learn self discipline, and to express their feeling appropriately. This type of discipline is often referred to as guidance. With guidance it allows for there to be not for of violence such as spanking or slapping that usually encompasses negative feelings for everyone involved. There are multiple reasons why parents use discipline. The most common is to teach the child that their actions have consequence in which they are responsible for and can control. Another is to protect the child from harm. However, no matter what the reason behind the discipline, there is effective ways and there is destructive ways. Steps in disciplining you child affectively It takes times and consistency, but through the following seven steps we, can guide children’s behavior and help them learn to resolve problems in ways that allows them to feel like responsible and problem solvers of their community. Whenever possible, teach children rather than punish. The goal of discipline is to te... Free Essays on Parents In Society Free Essays on Parents In Society As parents in society there is the challenge of communicating and disciplining children in an effective manner. Views on effective communication and discipline have changed since the views about children and children’s rights have changed. In the past children were thought of as property or things that needed to be controlled; hence, most of society followed the â€Å"spare the rod, spoil the child,† statement. As our society has moved away from the belief that sparing the rod is spoiling the children, the search for an effective way to raise today’s generation. Discipline In American Society, adults are use to being in control over children due to this the definition of discipline has been taken on a separate definition than what discipline actually means. Most people think concept of discipline means control (pg32 porter). Discipline actually means teaching decisions making skills. By apply appropriate discipline/guidance you allow the child to learn self discipline, and to express their feeling appropriately. This type of discipline is often referred to as guidance. With guidance it allows for there to be not for of violence such as spanking or slapping that usually encompasses negative feelings for everyone involved. There are multiple reasons why parents use discipline. The most common is to teach the child that their actions have consequence in which they are responsible for and can control. Another is to protect the child from harm. However, no matter what the reason behind the discipline, there is effective ways and there is destructive ways. Steps in disciplining you child affectively It takes times and consistency, but through the following seven steps we, can guide children’s behavior and help them learn to resolve problems in ways that allows them to feel like responsible and problem solvers of their community. Whenever possible, teach children rather than punish. The goal of discipline is to te...